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給藥不出錯!屏東榮總攜手研華一同守護南台灣病患用藥安全

Date: 2/3/2023 12:00:00 AM

位在國境之南的屏東,是台灣人口老化速度最快的縣市之一,對醫療照護的需求相對更迫切,過往,很多屏東人會開車跨越高屏溪,花上至少30分鐘到2小時至高雄就醫,直到2022年11月屏東榮民總醫院(以下簡稱屏東榮總)正式營運,才改變屏東縣民就醫生態。

屏東榮總創下二個第一的紀錄

屏東榮民總醫院
「屏東老年人口比重高,醫護人力的招募與聘用相對不易,智慧化才能解決醫護人力吃緊的挑戰、有效防呆防錯及提高病患就醫滿意度,」屏東榮總院長吳東霖說

屏東榮總的成立,為台灣醫療史上創下二個第一的紀錄,一是屏東第一間醫學中心等級的大型醫院,為屏東縣民提供更完善的醫療服務、促進醫療平權發展。二是台灣第一間建構閉環式用藥管理系統(Closed Loop Medication Administration, CLMA)的醫院,以科技創新提升用藥安全,為台灣智慧給藥樹立典範代表。而用藥管理就是屏東榮總智慧化的第一步。因為給藥不能有任何的疏失,而傳統三讀五對的給藥原則,還是有太多人為介入之處,屏東榮總希望將部份人為作業交由智慧科技負責,降低人為參與就是降低風險,更能確保給藥安全性。

為此,屏東榮總率全台醫院之先,全院導入研華智慧用藥解決方案,包括RFID智慧藥盒設定站(AMiS- 810)、UD智慧藥盒運輸車(AMiS-830)、輕量型智慧藥櫃(AMiS-850T)、行動智慧藥車(AMiS-850C)及智慧用藥管理系統(iMedication Software),成功打造一道從藥劑部配藥到護理師床邊給藥的用藥管理閉環。

用藥第一站「藥局:藥盒自動配對病患資訊,確保配藥正確性

在用藥第一站藥局,屏東榮總運用研華RFID智慧藥盒設定站、UD智慧藥盒運輸車及智慧用藥管理系統,正確且即時的將病患所需藥品裝進相應藥盒內。

屏東榮總藥劑科主任 方柔壹說明目前院內的配藥流程。每天中午11點半,屏東榮總會針對住院病人進行批次過帳,並列印出藥袋,讓藥劑師可以據此配藥,再將配好的藥品放進藥盒、裝進藥車,等待下午3點半交車至各樓層的護理站。

不過,在11點半到3點半間,醫生還是會巡房、瞭解病人目前狀況,有時醫生會調整藥囑,也許增加新的藥品或刪掉目前正在使用的藥品,而這段期間更新的藥囑,同樣也會列印出藥袋及單張,藥劑師根據單張來配藥,再放入藥袋、藥盒中。唯因作業時間緊湊,有時可能出現單張遺失或作業疏漏等現象,導致藥劑師未將藥品放進藥盒裡,病患用藥無法跟上最新藥囑。

如今在導入研華解決方案後,研華智慧用藥管理系統整合病患藥囑資訊,藥劑師在RFID智慧藥盒設定站就可以看到最新藥囑,藥劑師不必靠單張或藥袋就能完成配藥,避免傳統單張作業可能有的疏漏。

在降低人為作業風險外,方柔壹主任認為,更重要的是,RFID智慧藥盒採用電子紙技術呈現病人資訊,藥劑師只要把藥盒放到RFID感應平台,就可以透過研華系統綁定病患姓名及用藥資訊,不像以前要紙張書寫病患姓名再黏貼在藥盒上,待病患出院時還要再移除姓名標籤,不僅麻煩也不容易即時更新,如今透過RFID與電子紙應用,更能確保病患用藥安全性與正確性。

「而且研華智慧用藥管理系統最貼心的設計是,讓藥局及護理站都能即時更新病人資訊,倘若住院病患異動,護理站人員也能新增或刪除智慧藥盒上的病患資訊,更貼近既有作業流程,」方柔壹主任強調
屏東榮民總醫院智慧用藥解決方案

用藥第二站「護理部」:麻醉藥品臨床給藥,方便、安全又合規

當UD智慧藥盒運輸車離開藥局後,接下來就進入用藥第二站-各樓層的護理站。護理師將智慧藥盒放入行動智慧藥車,待用藥時間一到,護理師便可推著行動智慧藥車巡房,只要感應病人的手環條碼,行動智慧藥車就會自動彈出該病人的藥盒,確保病患服用藥品的正確性。

在一般用藥外,護理站也導入輕量型智慧藥櫃來管理麻醉管制藥品,提高麻醉用藥與給藥的安全性。研華護理部副主任劉秋玉指出,醫師會針對某些有特殊需求的病患開立麻醉藥品,但麻醉藥品多為管制用藥,不能擺放在可任意取得之處,且在取藥時,必須符合麻醉管制藥品的使用規範,要兩名護理師共同取藥及複核。

過往,屏東榮總以櫃中櫃的方式,由兩名護理師共同開啟2道門鎖,才能取得櫃子裡的麻醉藥品,這種方式隱含以下4大問題:

第一、護理師要帶鑰匙才能開門,作業不方便。 

第二、鑰匙容易有遺失風險,且因為稽核、三班交接等因素,護理師常常開啟櫃子,導致鑰匙容易斷裂,無論遺失或斷裂都會影響臨床給藥的順暢度。

第三、傳統藥櫃是將數種藥物置放在一起,由護理師自行尋找出病患需要的麻醉藥品,雖然護理師在取藥時都會經過三讀五對程序,卻還是免不了病患用藥給藥的安全性疑慮。 

第四、無法留下稽核紀錄,確認每一次取藥都是由兩名護理師共同執行作業。

如今導入研華輕量型智慧藥櫃後,完全解決上述4大問題,大幅提升麻醉管制藥品的給藥與用藥安全性。劉秋玉副主任說明,藥櫃裡的每一格藥盒都只放一種麻醉藥品,藥盒外還有電子紙顯示藥名和劑量,當護理師需要取用麻醉藥品時,不必攜帶一大串鑰匙,只要在電腦螢幕上點選藥名,智慧藥櫃就會自動彈跳出存放該藥品的藥盒,既便利又安全,更重要的是還能留下稽核紀錄,確保取藥流程符合麻醉管制藥品的使用規範。

研華結合使用需求進行客製設計,創造智慧用藥最大化效益

提及研華智慧用藥解決方案對屏東榮總用藥安全的助益,護理部劉秋玉副主任和藥劑科方柔壹主任皆認為,不光只是硬體本身,研華工程師用心聆聽使用者聲音,並願意花時間瞭解實際作業流程,再重新調整系統與硬體設計,才是研華智慧用藥解決方案能夠發揮效用的主要原因。

方柔壹主任舉例,藥局每逢週六及週日都不會出藥車,藥劑師會在週五一次配好未來2日的用藥,相對藥品數量較多,為此,研華設計5層大藥盒,滿足調劑和臨床使用需求。劉秋玉副主任則以麻醉取藥流程為例,研華工程師花了很多時間與護理師討論,最終設計出符合複合作業需求的系統操作流程,亦即護理師登入系統後,螢幕上就會跳出複核畫面,此時需由另一名護理師輸入自己的卡號密碼,才能通過複核程序、取得麻醉藥品。

此外,行動智慧藥車的桌面具備升降功能,讓護理師可以自行調整至最適合自己的高度,還有針對某些藥品用量較大的病患,可以在行動智慧藥車上配對2個以上智慧藥盒,讓護理師只要一台車就能完成臨床給藥任務,這些都是研華考量到屏東榮總使用需求而做的貼心設計。

在導入智慧用藥、跨出醫療智慧化的第一步後,屏東榮總未來還有很多智慧轉型規劃,如:建立病人生理資訊量測平台,由系統監測病患狀態並即時預警、將醫院各項數據整合在單一平台,即時瞭解全院營運狀況⋯⋯等,「無論導入何種智慧應用,提高民眾就醫滿意度、減輕人力負擔及確保病患安全,是屏東榮總發展智慧化不變的目標,」吳東霖院長語氣肯定的說。

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